PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

1.     Present perfect tense

Present perfect tense used to express to action that began at the time in the past and not continuing until now. E.g :

1.      They have written a letter

2.      Amir has taken my pencil

The present perfect tense often uses adverb, example :

Since january	Almost
Since 1993	Just
Since i left school	Ever
For a week	So far
For three days	Up to now
For an hour	Never
For six years	Recently
lately	Yet

The formula of present perfect tense

Verbal sentence (+) = S + Have/has + V3 + O Example : she has done her assignment (-) = S + have/has +not +V3+ O Example : she has not her assignment (?) = has/have + she + V3+ O Example : has she done her assignment? Nominal sentence (+) = S + have/ has + been + complement Example : we have been successful (-) = S + have/ has+ not + been + complement Example : we have not been successful (?) = have/ has + S+ been + complement Example : have we been successful?

Present continous tense

1.     Present continous tense

Present contionous tense is used to :

1.      Express an action happening  now, e.g :

§  Budi is listening to the radio at present

§  I am buying a pen

§  It is raining now

2.      A temporary action which may not be actually happening at the time of speaking. E.g:

§  I am writing my thesis

(but i am not writing thesis at this moment)

§  Annisa is writing her final assignment

3.      Express for an action that is planned for future :

§  The tourist are traveling to bali tommorow

§  She is leaving for  surabaya tommorow

The simple present tense often uses with adverbial of time, adverbial of place, adverbial of frequency, etc. E.g :

Tommorow	This evening
Tonight	This afternoon
Today	At this moment
At present	this morning, etc

There are some verb can’t use in this tenses, example :

a.       See, hear, smell, notice, etc

b.      Want, desire, refuse, forgive, hate, etc

c.       Remember, think, know, belief, forget, mind, etc

d.      Own, owe, belong, possess, etc

The formula of present continous tense

(+ ) = S + is/am/are + Vingb + O Example : i am writing a letter to my parents now (- ) = S + is/am/are+ not + Ving + O Example : i am not writing a letter to my parents now (?) = is/am/are + S + Ving + O Example : am i writing a letter to my parents now?

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

1.    Simple Present tense

Present tense is used to :

1.      Express habitual action, e.g :

§  Ali always goes to school every day.

§  We usually study at night

§  They come to my house on Sunday

§  He often plays chess at noon

2.      Express general truth, e.g :

§  The universe is ruled by God

§  A year has twelve month

§  The earth revolved around the sun

3.      Express happen all the time :

§  Mary sings beautifully

§  The dogs bark loudly

§  She seems to be very tired to day

§  I work hard at home

The simple present tense often uses with adverbial of time, adverbial of place, adverbial of frequency, etc. E.g :

Always	At night
Usually	On Sunday
Often	Twice a week
Sometimes	Every week
Seldom	Every day
never	Here, there

The formula of simple present tense :

Verbal sentence (+) =  S + VI + O          For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary. Example : he  reads book every day You read book every day (-) = S + do/does + Not + O Example : he doesn’t read book every day You don’t read book every day (?) = do/does + S + VI + O Example : does he read book every day? Do you read book every day? Nominal sentence : (+) = S + is/am/are + complement (adverb, noun, adjective) Example : you are smart. She is smart (-) = S + is/am/are + Not + complement Example : you are not smart She is not smart (?) = is/am/are + S + Complement Example : are you smart? Is she smart?

IDIOMS

Idioms

1.  (as ) sharp as a tack = very intelligent

Example : Anna got a scholarship to Yale. She’s as sharp as a tack.

2.  When pigs fly! (slang) = never

Example : sure, I will give you my new laptop

3.  (to) not give a hoot = to not care about

Example : tom likes to walk around town in his pajamas, he doesn’t give  a hoot what people  think

4.  (to) Cut class = to miss class without an excuse

Example : ted often cuts class to spend more time with his girlfriend

5.  (to ) drive one crazy = to annoy someone very much

Ex : please stop chewing gum so loudly. It’s driving me crazy

6.  Gung ho = very enthusiastic ; very excited (about  something)

Ex : Sharon is really loves college. She’s very gung ho

7.  ( to be) crazy about = to like very much

Ex : Amy is so crazy about golf, she’d like to play every day

8.  (to be) down in the dumps = to feel sad; to feel depressed

Ex : it’s not surprising that Lisa down in the dumps. Paws, the cat she had for 20 years, just died

9.  (to) make a bundle = to make a lot of money

Ex : Sara made a bundle selling her old fur coats on eBay, a website where you can buy and sell used things.

10.                                                             Out of this world = delicious

Ex : mmm I love your chicken soup. It’s out of this world.

References : 

Amy Gillet. 2004. Speak English Like An American. USA : Language Success Press

Imam Syafi'I rahimahullah Membagi Bid'ah

#Imam Syafi'I rahimahullah Membagi Bid'ah#

Oleh: Ustadz Abu Yahya Badrusalam, Lc

Imam Syafi'I berkata: "Bid'ah ada dua macam: bid'ah yang terpuji dan bid'ah yang tercela. Bid'ah terpuji adalah yang sesuai dengan al qur'an, sunnah dan atsar shahabat. Dan bila menyalahi al qur'an, sunnah dan atsar shahabat maka ia adalah bid'ah yang tercela ". 

Inilah sandaran para fans bid'ah hasanah .. Namun dalam prakteknya, jauh dari pemahaman imam besar ini.Buktikan saja !

Imam Syafi'i menganggap ma'tam (tahlilan) sebagai bid'ah dlolalah .. Mereka berkata: bid'ah hasanah .. 

Imam Syafi'i menganggap ibadah sambil memukul rebana dan goyang kepala sebagai bid'ah dlolalah .. Mereka berkata: bid 'ah hasanah .. Dan sebagainya .. 

Mereka juga menyalahi pemahaman para ulama syafi'iyah .. 

Imam Nawawi menganggap shalat nisfu sya'ban sebagai bid'ah dlolalah .. 
Mereka malah menganggapnya bid'ah hasanah .. 

Imam ibnu hajar menganggap imsak sebagai bid'ah dlolalah .. Mereka malah ngotot mengatakan bid'ah hasanah .. 

Jadi apakah perkataan Imam Syafi'i yang salah? Atau pemahaman mereka yang aneh?? Coba sejenak kita perhatikan contoh yang diberikan imam Syafi'i.

Contoh bid'ah terpuji menurut beliau adalah pengumpulan al qur'an .. 
Contoh bid'ah tercela adalah ma'tam (tahlilan). 

Apa yang membedakan keduanya?? Padahal sama-sama tidak ada di zaman Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam ... 

Coba anda tanya diri Anda: bila al qur'an tidak dikumpulkan, apa yang akan terjadi ? Bahaya besar untuk islam .. 

Tapi bila tahlilan tidak dilakukan? Maka tidak ada pengaruh untuk islam, meskipun pengaruh buat kantong para pembimbing tahlilan .

Tanya lagi: mengapa Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam tidak mengumpulkan al qur'an di zamannya? Jawabnya karena masih ada penghalangnya, yaitu al qur'an masih terus menerus turun. 

Mampukah Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam tahlilan? Tentu mampu .. pendorongnya pun ada yaitu memberikan manfaat buat si mayat 

Tapi kenapa Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam tinggalkan? 
Ini menunjukkan bahwa perbuatan tersebut tidak disyari'atkan ..