Present continous tense

1.     Present continous tense

Present contionous tense is used to :

1.      Express an action happening  now, e.g :

§  Budi is listening to the radio at present

§  I am buying a pen

§  It is raining now

2.      A temporary action which may not be actually happening at the time of speaking. E.g:

§  I am writing my thesis

(but i am not writing thesis at this moment)

§  Annisa is writing her final assignment

3.      Express for an action that is planned for future :

§  The tourist are traveling to bali tommorow

§  She is leaving for  surabaya tommorow

The simple present tense often uses with adverbial of time, adverbial of place, adverbial of frequency, etc. E.g :

Tommorow	This evening
Tonight	This afternoon
Today	At this moment
At present	this morning, etc

There are some verb can’t use in this tenses, example :

a.       See, hear, smell, notice, etc

b.      Want, desire, refuse, forgive, hate, etc

c.       Remember, think, know, belief, forget, mind, etc

d.      Own, owe, belong, possess, etc

The formula of present continous tense

(+ ) = S + is/am/are + Vingb + O Example : i am writing a letter to my parents now (- ) = S + is/am/are+ not + Ving + O Example : i am not writing a letter to my parents now (?) = is/am/are + S + Ving + O Example : am i writing a letter to my parents now?

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

1.    Simple Present tense

Present tense is used to :

1.      Express habitual action, e.g :

§  Ali always goes to school every day.

§  We usually study at night

§  They come to my house on Sunday

§  He often plays chess at noon

2.      Express general truth, e.g :

§  The universe is ruled by God

§  A year has twelve month

§  The earth revolved around the sun

3.      Express happen all the time :

§  Mary sings beautifully

§  The dogs bark loudly

§  She seems to be very tired to day

§  I work hard at home

The simple present tense often uses with adverbial of time, adverbial of place, adverbial of frequency, etc. E.g :

Always	At night
Usually	On Sunday
Often	Twice a week
Sometimes	Every week
Seldom	Every day
never	Here, there

The formula of simple present tense :

Verbal sentence (+) =  S + VI + O          For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary. Example : he  reads book every day You read book every day (-) = S + do/does + Not + O Example : he doesn’t read book every day You don’t read book every day (?) = do/does + S + VI + O Example : does he read book every day? Do you read book every day? Nominal sentence : (+) = S + is/am/are + complement (adverb, noun, adjective) Example : you are smart. She is smart (-) = S + is/am/are + Not + complement Example : you are not smart She is not smart (?) = is/am/are + S + Complement Example : are you smart? Is she smart?